SERUM ADIPONECTIN LEVEL IN OBESE AND NON OBESE TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Description

Back ground: Worldwide diabetes mellitus is no more an epidemic; rather it has turned into a pandemic health hazard. Association of obesity in type 2 diabetes mellitus is an established fact. This association could be partly mediated by altered secretion of adipokines by adipose tissue. Among all adipokines, adiponectin has been considered as an important factor in obesity induced insulin resistance. This new hormone produced exclusively by adipocytes differs from its predecessors in at least one important feature. While all of the other adipose tissue derived hormones related to insulin resistance are increased in obesity, adiponectin production and concentration actually decreases in obese subjects. Objective: the study was taken up to investigate the relationship between adiponectin in obese and non obese type 2 diabetes, and also to find out the correlation between adiponectin and serum lipids in urban south Indian population. Method: The cases chosen for the study group were already diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing treatment. All subjects were interviewed regarding a full medical history that included age, sex, occupation, duration and family history of diabetes mellitus. The general physical examination procedure included measurement of height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference. The biochemical parameters such as fasting plasma glucose, serum adiponectin, HDL and triglyceride were measured. Result: The reduction of serum adiponectin in study group was highly significant as compared to control group but its difference between the two subgroups divided based on BMI did not give a statistically significant result. But on correlation of BMI with adiponectin in study group, the correlation co-efficient was found to statistically highly significant. Similar correlation of waist-hip ratio (W/H) with adiponectin did not give a significant result. Conclusion: Adiponectin is lowered in obese non-diabetics affecting lipid metabolism showed by increase of LDL and TG and decrease of HDL. In obese diabetics adiponectin is high but dyslipidemia is still present possibly due to improper function of existing serum adiponectin.