KNOWLEDGE OF RABIES AND POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS AMONG PATIENTS ATTENDING THE OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT OF A RURAL PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE IN TIRUNELVELI: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Journal: International Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Research

Article type: Original Research Articles

Published: 2026-04-05

Volume: 11; Issue: 2; Pages: 139-145

ISSN: 2395-0471

Article URL: https://journals.sumathipublications.com/article/article-1784653793652-453548462

PDF: https://journals.sumathipublications.com/article/article-1784653793652-453548462.pdf

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Authors

  1. Thilagar M
    Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Government Thiruvallur Medical College, Thiruvallur,, Tamil Nadu, India
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6666-7284
  2. Rama Swathika N
    Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Tirunelveli Government Medical College, Tirunelveli,, Tamil Nadu, India.
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6666-7284
  3. Shameema Rubaiya A
    Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Tirunelveli Government Medical College, Tirunelveli,, Tamil Nadu, India.

Abstract

Background: Rabies is an almost universally fatal zoonotic encephalitis that continues to pose a significant public health challenge in rural India. Despite the availability of effective post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), preventable deaths persist owing to inadequate community awareness of transmission routes and appropriate bite management. Objective: To assess knowledge of rabies and PEP among patients attending the outpatient department of a rural primary health centre in Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to August 2024 among 506 participants recruited by simple random sampling. Data were collected using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire comprising sociodemographic details and 18 close-ended knowledge items. Descriptive statistics and the chi-square test (p < 0.05) were used for analysis. Results: Most participants were aged 36–50 years (38.3%); 54.5% were female. Only 40.3% had heard of rabies, and 31.2% correctly identified all routes of transmission. Awareness of preventability was present in 54.2%, yet only 41.9% recognised the fatal nature of the disease and 42.1% believed it to be treatable. Awareness of rabies immunoglobulin was critically low (8.7%). Although 74.7% reported practising first aid after an animal bite, 44.3% did not know the correct post-bite action. Conclusion: Knowledge of rabies and PEP was deficient across multiple domains. Targeted community health education programmes addressing transmission, vaccine dosing, and passive immunisation are warranted.

Keywords

Rabies; Animal bite; Post exposure prophylaxis; Knowledge; Rural population

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