Introduction to Antibiotic Stewardship Antibiotic stewardship is a coordinated effort to improve the use of antibiotics by promoting the selection of the optimal antibiotic drug regimen, dose, duration of therapy, and route of administration. It aims to achieve the best clinical outcomes related to antibiotic use, minimize toxicity and other adverse events, reduce healthcare costs…
Introduction to Antimicrobial Resistance Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health issue that has been steadily gaining attention. But what exactly is it? In simple terms, antimicrobial resistance occurs when microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites change in ways that render the medications used to cure the infections they cause ineffective. When the…
Introduction H2 receptor antagonists, also known as H2 blockers, are a class of medications that are commonly used to reduce the production of stomach acid. They work by blocking histamine action on H2 receptors found in the gastric parietal cells, thereby inhibiting gastric acid secretion. Examples of H2 receptor antagonists include Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, and…
Antacids are medications that counteract the acid in the stomach to relieve indigestion, heartburn, and other stomach-related discomforts. Their primary function is to neutralize stomach acid, providing symptomatic relief from acid-related disorders. Let’s delve deeper into the pharmacology of antacids. Mechanism of Action Antacids work by a simple mechanism: they neutralize gastric acid, raising the…
Introduction In the vast realm of pharmacology, Mucosal Protective Agents are a beacon of relief for many patients suffering from gastrointestinal disorders. As their name suggests, these agents play a crucial role in protecting the mucosal lining of the stomach and intestines, promoting healing, and alleviating discomfort. This article aims to provide an in-depth understanding…
Introduction Antiemetic drugs play a crucial role in healthcare, providing relief to patients suffering from nausea and vomiting, symptoms often associated with various medical conditions and treatments. This article delves into the pharmacology of antiemetic drugs, offering an in-depth understanding of their mechanisms of action, uses, and potential side effects. Mechanism of Action of Antiemetic…
Angina pectoris, a symptom of coronary artery disease, is typically managed with a combination of lifestyle changes, medications, and in some cases, surgical procedures. This section will focus on the pharmacological treatment of angina pectoris, providing a detailed overview of the classification of drugs used, their pharmacokinetics, mechanisms of action, pharmacological actions, therapeutic uses, adverse…
Drug compendia refer to comprehensive collections of information on drugs presented in the form of monographs. These monographs typically contain detailed descriptions of drugs, including their indications, contraindications, dosage forms, adverse effects, and storage conditions. They are essential resources for various stakeholders in the healthcare sector, including physicians, pharmacists, drug manufacturers, and regulatory authorities. Introduction…
Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry Medicinal chemistry is a fascinating field that combines aspects of organic chemistry, pharmacology, and biochemistry. It’s all about designing and synthesizing potential new medications, not just creating these substances. It’s also about understanding how they work at a molecular level. Importance of Medicinal Chemistry The importance of medicinal chemistry cannot be…
Obesity is a complex disease that involves an excessive amount of body fat. It isn’t just a cosmetic concern but a medical problem that increases the risk of other diseases and health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, and certain cancers ¹. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), overweight and obesity…